Hell: The Dogma of Hell - Rev. Schouppe (Trial)

Địa ngục: Giáo điều Địa ngục - Mục sư F.X. Schouppe, S.J. (Thử nghiệm)

Hell (infernus) in theological usage is a place of punishment after death. Theologians distinguish four meanings of the term hell:

-hell in the strict sense, or the place of punishment for the damned, be they demons or men;

-the limbo of infants (limbus parvulorum), where those who die in original sin alone, and without personal mortal sin, are confined and undergo some kind of punishment;

-the limbo of the Fathers (limbus patrum), in which the souls of the just who died before Christ awaited their admission to heaven; for in the meantime heaven was closed against them in punishment for the sin of Adam;

-purgatory, where the just, who die in venial sin or who still owe a debt of temporal punishment for sin, are cleansed by suffering before their admission to heaven.

The Latin infernus (inferum, inferi), the Greek Hades, and the Hebrew sheol correspond to the word hell. Infernus is derived from the root in; hence it designates hell as a place within and below the earth. Haides, formed from the root fid, to see, and a privative, denotes an invisible, hidden, and dark place; thus it is similar to the term hell.

The Catholic church teaches firmly that there is a hell, i.e. all those who die in personal mortal sin, as enemies of God, and unworthy of eternal life, will be severely punished by God after death. In this book Rev. F.X. Schouppe expands on the topic of hell demonstrating it's very real existence and refuting the modern claims that hell is not real.